Type
Analysis
|
Element
|
Min
|
Max
|
|
Molybdenum
|
8.00
|
10.0
|
|
Chromium
|
20.5
|
23.0
|
|
Iron
|
17.0
|
20.0
|
|
Tungsten
|
0.20
|
1.00
|
|
Cobalt
|
0.50
|
2.50
|
|
Carbon
|
0.05
|
0.015
|
|
Silicon
|
--
|
1.00
|
|
Manganese
|
--
|
1.00
|
|
Boron
|
--
|
0.01
|
|
Phosphorus
|
--
|
0.04
|
|
Sulfur
|
--
|
0.03
|
|
Nickel
|
Remainder
|
Application
Hastelloy X is
recommended especially for use in furnace applications because it has
unusual resistance to oxidizing, reducing, and neutral atmospheres.
Furnace rolls made of this alloy were still in good condition after
operating for 8,700 hours at 2150 °F (1177°C).
Alloy X
also has performed well in jet engine tailpipes, afterburner
components, cabin heaters, and other aircraft parts.
Oxidation
Resistance
Hastelloy X is a nickel
base alloy that possesses exceptional strength and oxidation
resistance up to 2200°F. It has also been found to be
exceptionally resistant to stress-corrosion cracking in
petrochemical applications. The alloy has excellent forming and
welding characteristics.
Workability
Hastelloy X can be
forged and, because of its good ductility, can be cold-worked. It can
be welded by both manual and automatic welding methods including
shielded metal-arc (coated electrodes), gas tungsten-arc (TIG), and
gas metal-arc (MIG). Alloy X can also be resistance-welded.
Machineability
Low cutting speeds, rigid tools and work piece, heavy equipment, ample coolant and positive feeds are
general recommendations.
High-Speed
Cutting Tools for Lathe Turning Operations
|
Angle
|
Roughing
|
Finishing
|
|
Back rake
Positive
side rake
End clearance
End cutting edge
Side cutting
edge
|
0°
6°
6°
--
|
8°
14-18°
8°
25°
Up
to 45°
|
Cutting
Speeds for High-Speed Steels
|
Operation
|
Speed
|
Feed
|
|
sfpm
|
m/s
|
ipr
|
mm/rev
|
|
Turning
Drilling
(.500"/12.70mm)
Tapping
Milling
Reaming
|
12-20
10-12
5-10
10-20
8-10
|
0.06/.010
0.05/0.06
0.03/0.05
0.05/0.10
0.04/0.05
|
0.010
0.006/0.010
--
--
--
|
0.25
0.15/0.25
--
--
--
|
Carbide tools
should have smaller angles than high-speed tools and operating speeds
can be higher. A sulfur-based cutting fluid is recommended. Thoroughly
clean work piece after machining to prevent surfance contamination
during subsequent heat treating. Chlorine additives would be an
alternative.
Average
Physical Properties
|
Physical
Properties
|
°F
|
British
Units
|
°C
|
Metric
Units
|
|
Density
|
72
|
0.297 lb./cubic in.
|
22
|
8.22 g/cubic cm.
|
|
Melting Range
|
2300-
2470
|
|
1260-
1355
|
|
|
Electrical
Resistivity
|
72
|
46.6 microhm-in.
|
22
|
1.18 microhm-m
|
|
Mean
Coefficient
of Thermal
Expansion
|
79-200
|
7.7 microin./in.-°F
|
26-100
|
13.8 X 10(-6)m/m-K
|
|
79-1000
|
8.4 microin./in.-°F
|
26-500
|
14.9 X 10(-6)m/m-K
|
|
79-1200
|
8.6 microin./in.-°F
|
26-600
|
15.3 X 10(-6)m/m-K
|
|
79-1350
|
8.8 microin./in.-°F
|
26-700
|
15.7 X 10(-6)m/m-K
|
|
79-1500
|
8.9 microin./in.-°F
|
26-800
|
16.0 X 10(-6)m/m-K
|
|
76-1650
|
9.1 microin./in.-°F
|
26-900
|
16.3 X 10(-6)m/m-K
|
|
79-1800
|
9.2 microin./in.-°F
|
26-1000
|
16.6 X 10(-6)m/m-K
|
|
Thermal
Conductivity
|
70
|
63 Btu-in/ft²-hr-°F
|
20
|
9.7* W/m-K
|
|
200
|
76 Btu-in/ft²-hr-°F
|
100
|
11.1 W/m-K
|
|
500
|
98 Btu-in/ft²-hr-°F
|
300
|
14.7 W/m-K
|
|
1100
|
144 Btu-in/ft²-hr-°F
|
600
|
20.6 W/m-K
|
|
1300
|
159 Btu-in/ft²-hr-°F
|
700
|
22.8 W/m-K
|
|
1500
|
174 Btu-in/ft²-hr-°F
|
800
|
25.0 W/m-K
|
|
1700
|
189 Btu-in/ft²-hr-°F
|
900
|
27.4* W/m-K
|
|
Poisson's Ratio
|
-78
22
|
0.328
0.320
|
-108
72
|
0.328
0.320
|
|
Magnetic
Permeability
|
Room
|
<1.002 at 200
oersteds (15,900 A/m)
|
*Extrapolated
Average
Dynamic Oxidation Resistance*
|
Test
Temp.,
°F
(°C)
|
Test
Period,
hrs.
|
Metal
Loss/Side,
mils (mm)
|
Maximum
Penetration/side,
mils
(mm)
|
Total
Metal
Affected side,
mils (mm)
|
|
1600 (871)
1600
(871)
1800 (982)
1800 (982)
1900 (1038)
2000
(1093)
2100 (1149)
|
100
1000
100
1000
100
100
100
|
0.3 (0.01)
1.2
(0.03)
0.9 (0.02)
1.7 (0.04)
0.9 (0.02)
1.4
(0.04)
1.9 (0.05)
|
0.5 (0.01)
3.2
(0.08)
1.1 (0.03)
4.1 (0.10)
1.7 (0.04)
2.3
(0.04)
2.4 (0.06)
|
0.8 (0.02)
4.5
(0.11)
2.0 (0.05)
5.8 (0.15)
2.5 (0.06)
3.7
(0.09)
4.4 (0.11)
|
*Samples
exposed to the combustion products of No. 2 diesel oil (0.4 percent
sulfur).
Hot gas velocity was 280 ft./sec. (85m/s). Thermal shock
frequency is 2 cycles per
hour, consisting of cooling from test
temperature to <500°F (<260°C) and back to
test
temperature in two minutes.
Average
Hardness, Room Temperature
|
Form
|
Condition
|
Average
Hardness,
Rockwell B
|
|
Sheet,
0.012 to
0.090"
thick
|
Heat treated
at
2150°F(1177°C)
Rapid Cooled
|
87
|
|
Sheet,
0.091 to
0.312"
thick
|
Heat treated
at
2150°F(1177°C)
Rapid Cooled
|
92
|
|
Plate,
3/8 to
2.00"
thick
|
Heat treated
at
2150°F(1177°C)
Rapid Cooled
|
89
|
Aged
hardness, Room Temperature*
|
Form
|
Aging
Temp.,
°F (°C)
|
Aging
Time, hrs.
|
Hardness,
Rockwell
A
|
|
Sheet
|
Solution
Heat-Treated (Not aged)
|
--
|
54
|
|
1200 (649)
|
1000
4000
8000
|
54
56
62
|
|
1400 (760)
|
1000
4000
8000
|
63
62
61
|
|
1600 (871)
|
1000
4000
8000
|
61
58
55
|
|
Plate
|
Solution
Heat-Treated (Not aged)
|
--
|
54
|
|
1200 (649)
|
1000
4000
8000
|
57
62
63
|
|
1400 (760)
|
1000
4000
8000
|
60
59
58
|
|
1600 (871)
|
1000
4000
8000
|
56
56
54
|
*Single
tests from a single heat for each form.
Average
Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity
|
Form
|
Condition
|
Test
Temp,
°F(°C)
|
Average
Dynamic Modulus of
Elasticity,10(6) psi (MPa)
|
|
Sheet
|
Heat-treated
at
2150 °F
(1177°C),
Rapid Cooled
|
76 (25)
212
(100)
392 (200)
572 (300)
752 (400)
932 (500)
1112
(600)
1292 (700)
1472 (800)
1652 (900)
1832 (1000)
|
28.5 (196,000)
28.0
(193,000)
26.9 (185,000)
26.0 (179,000)
25.0
(172,000)
23.8 (164,000)
22.9 (158,000)
21.8
(150,000)
20.7 (143,000)
19.5 (134,000)
18.3 (126,000)
|
Average
Impact Strength, Plate
|
Form
|
Condition
|
Test
Temp.,
°F (°C)
|
Average
Charpy V-Notch
Impact Strength
|
|
ft.
lb.
|
J
|
|
Plate
|
Heat-treated
at
2150°F (1177°C),
Rapid Cooled
|
-321 (-196)
-216
(-157)
-108 (-78)
-20 (-29)
Room
1500 (815)
|
37
44
51
56
54
58
|
50
60
69
76
73
79
|
Average
Room Temperature Tensile Data**
|
Form
|
Condition
|
Ultimate
Tensile
Strength
ksi
(MPa)
|
Yield
Strength
at
0.2% offset
ksi (MPa)
|
Elongation
in
2" percent
|
|
Sheet, 0.012 to
0.090"
thick
|
Heat treated at
2150
°F (1177°C)
Rapid Cooled
|
110.3 (760)
|
55.1 (380)
|
44
|
|
Sheet,
0.091 to
0.312"
thick
|
Heat treated at
2150
°F (1177°C)
Rapid Cooled
|
109.5 (755)
|
55.9 (385)
|
45
|
|
Plate,
3/8 to
2"
thick
|
Heat treated at
2150
°F (1177°C)
Rapid Cooled
|
107.7 (743)
|
49.1 (339)
|
51
|
**Based on
58-69 tests.
Average
Tensile Data
|
Form
|
Condition
|
Test
Temp.
°F
(°C)
|
Ultimate
Tensile
Strength,
Ksi
(MPa)
|
Yield
Strength
at
0.2%
offset,
Ksi (MPa)
|
Propor-
tional
Limit,
Ksi
(MPa)
|
Elongation
in
2 in.,
(50.8 mm),
percent
|
|
Sheet,
0.109
in.
(2.8 mm),
thick
|
Heat-treated
at
2150°F
(1177 °C),
Rapid Cooled
|
Room
400
(204)
800 (427)
1000 (538)
1200 (649)
1400 (760)
1600
(871)
1800 (982)
2000 (1093)
2100 (1149)
2200 (1204)
|
113.9 (785)
103.4
(713)
99.7 (687)
94.0 (648)
83.0 (572)
63.1
(435)
36.5 (251)
22.5 (155)
13.0 (90)
7.7 (53)
5.4
(37)
|
52.2 (360)
48.7
(336)
43.7 (301)
41.5 (286)
39.5 (272)
37.8
(261)
25.7 (177)
16.0 (110)
8.0 (55)
4.9 (34)
3.7
(26)
|
22.6 (156)
25.6
(177)
28.0 (193)
27.5 (190)
26.3 (181)
24.6
(170)
14.6 (101)
--
--
--
--
|
43
41
44
45
37
37
51
45
40
31
31
|
Average
Aged Tensile Data, Room Temperature
|
Form
|
Aging
Temp.,
°F (°C)
|
Aging
Time, hrs
|
Ultimate
Tensile
Strength
ksi
(MPa)
|
Yield
Strength
at
0.2% offset
ksi (MPa)
|
Elongation
in
2" percent
|
|
Sheet,
0.125"
thick
|
Solution Heat
Treated
|
--
|
114.3 (788)
|
55.2 (381)
|
57
|
|
1200 (649)
|
1000
4000
8000
16000
|
125.0 (862)
143.8
(991)
147.9 (1020)
149.0 (1020)
|
61.0 (421)
76.2
(525)
78.6 (542)
78.1 (538)
|
35
19
19
15
|
|
1400 (760)
|
1000
4000
8000
16000
|
137.0 (945)
134.6
(928)
131.0 (903)
126.1 (869)
|
65.3 (450)
64.3
(443)
61.3 (423)
59.3 (409)
|
23
18
19
17
|
|
1600 (871)
|
1000
4000
8000
16000
|
123.0 (848)
117.9
(813)
115.0 (793)
111.1 (766)
|
53.2 (369)
49.3
(340)
48.2 (332)
46.1 (318)
|
26
29
30
29
|
|
Plate,
1/2"
thick
|
Solution Heat
Treated
|
--
|
109.9 (758)
|
49.5 (341)
|
47
|
|
1200 (649)
|
1000
4000
8000
|
121.4 (837)
142.5
(983)
143.6 (990)
|
56.5 (392)
73.4
(506)
73.0 (503)
|
33
18
18
|
|
1400 (760)
|
1000
4000
8000
|
129.4 (892)
129.9
(896)
129.2 (891)
|
56.9 (390)
56.9
(390)
56.3 (388)
|
23
21
20
|
|
1600 (871)
|
1000
4000
8000
16000
|
119.0 (820)
116.7
(805)
113.7 (784)
109.0 (752)
|
47.6 (328)
44.9
(310)
43.9 (303)
42.7 (294)
|
31
28
26
26
|
Average
Rupture Data, Sheet*
|
Test
Temp.,
°F
(°C)
|
Average
Rupture Life Strength
for Time Indicated, ksi (MPa)
|
|
10 hrs
|
100 hrs
|
1000 hrs
|
10000 hrs
|
|
1200 (649)
1400
(760)
1600 (871)
1800 (982)
2000 (1093)
|
67 (462)
32
(221)
17 (117)
6.5 (45)
2.4 (17)
|
48 (331)
22.5
(155)
10.6 (73)
3.7 (26)
1.2 (8)
|
34 (234)
15.8
(109)
6.5 (45)
2.1 (14)
0.6 (4)
|
24.6 (170)
11.1
(77)
4.0 (28)
1.2 (8)
----
|
Average
Rupture Data, Plate and Bar*
|
Test
Temp.,
°F
(°C)
|
Average
Rupture Life Strength
for Time Indicated, ksi (MPa)
|
|
10 hrs
|
100 hrs
|
1000 hrs
|
10000 hrs
|
|
1200 (649)
1350
(732)
1500 (816)
1650 (899)
1800 (982)
1950
(1066)
2100 (1149)
|
72 (496)
36
(248)
21 (145)
12 (83)
7.0 (48)
3.7 (26)
1.7 (12)
|
47.9 (330)
25
(172)
14 (96)
7.5 (52)
4.2 (29)
1.9 (13)
0.7 (5)
|
34 (234)
18
(124)
10 (69)
4.7 (32)
2.4 (17)
1.0** (7)
0.3**
(2)
|
24 (165)
12.5
(86)
6.8 (47)
3.0 (21)
1.4 (10)
----
----
|
*Solution
Heat Treated. Based on over 100 tests for sheet and over 150 tests
for plate.
**Extrapolated
Minimum
Creep Rate Data, Sheet*
|
Test
Temp.,
°F
(°C)
|
Average
Stress for Indicated
Percent/Hour Minimum Creep Rate, Ksi
(MPa)
|
|
0.0001
|
0.001
|
0.01
|
0.1
|
|
1200 (649)
1400
(760)
1600 (871)
1800 (982)
2000 (1093
|
14.7 (101)
7.2
(50)
2.7 (19)
0.7 (5)
--
|
21 (145)
10
(69)
4.1 (28)
1.3 (9)
--
|
31 (214)
14
(97)
6.2 (43)
2.2 (15)
--
|
44 (303)
19.5
(134)
9.2 (63)
3.7 (26)
0.9 (6)
|
Average
Creep Data, Sheet*
|
Test
Temp.,
°F
(°C)
|
Creep,
Percent
|
Average
Initial Stress, Ksi (MPa)
to Produce Specified Creep in:
|
|
10 hrs.
|
100 hrs.
|
1,000 hrs.
|
10,000 hrs.
|
|
1200 (649)
|
0.5
1.0
2.0
|
40 (276)
44
(303)
48 (331)
|
27 (186)
30
(207)
33 (227)
|
17.5 (121)
21
(145)
22.5 (155)
|
--
--
--
|
|
1400 (760)
|
0.5
1.0
2.0
|
16.5 (114)
19
(131)
21 (145)
|
10.5 (72)
13
(90)
15 (103)
|
6.5 (45)
9
(62)
10.8 (74)
|
--
6.2 (4.3)
7.6
(52)
|
|
1600 (871)
|
0.5
1.0
2.0
|
7.8 (54)
9
(62)
10.5 (72)
|
4.9 (34)
6.1
(42)
7.2 (50)
|
3.1 (21)
3.6
(25)
4.3 (30)
|
--
2.1** (14)
2.3
(16)
|
|
1800 (982)
|
0.5
1.0
2.0
|
3.1 (21)
3.6
(25)
4.2 (29)
|
1.7 (12)
1.9
(13)
2.2 (15)
|
0.9 (6)
1.0
(7)
1.1 (8)
|
--
--
--
|
|
2000 (1093)
|
0.5
1.0
2.0
|
--
0.8 (6)
1.1
(8)
|
--
--
--
|
--
--
--
|
--
--
--
|
Average
Creep Data, Plate And Bar***
|
Test
Temp.,
°F
(°C)
|
Creep,
Percent
|
Average
Initial Stress, Ksi (MPa)
to Produce Specified Creep in:
|
|
10 hrs.
|
100 hrs.
|
1,000 hrs.
|
10,000 hrs.
|
|
1200 (649)
|
1.0
5.0
|
48 (331)
64 (441)
|
32 (220)
43 (296)
|
22 (151)
29 (200)
|
15 (103)
20**
(138)
|
|
1350 (732)
|
1.0
5.0
|
27 (186)
34 (234)
|
19 (131)
24 (165)
|
13 (89)
16.5
(113)
|
9 (62)
11.5**
(79)
|
|
1500 (816)
|
1.0
5.0
|
15 (103)
18 (124)
|
10.4 (71)
13 (89)
|
7.3 (50)
9 (62)
|
5.1 (35)
6.2**
(43)
|
|
1650 (899)
|
1.0
5.0
|
8 (55)
10.5 (72)
|
5.4 (37)
6.8 (46)
|
3.7 (25)
4.2 (28)
|
2.5 (17)
2.8**
(19)
|
|
1800 (982)
|
1.0
5.0
|
4.2 (28)
5.4 (37)
|
2.6 (17)
3.3 (22)
|
1.6 (11)
2.0 (14)
|
1.0** (7)
--
|
*Solution
Heat-Treated. Based on over 100 tests.
**Extrapolated
***Solution
Heat-Treated. Based on over 90 tests for 1.0 percent creep and on
over 60 tests for 5.0 percent creep.
|
